Parrot eating

The Ultimate List – 250 Safe And Toxic Foods For Parrots

What can your parrot eat? What should you avoid feeding your parrot? Below is a list of 250 (and counting) items that you may be considering to feed your parrot, but are unsure of their safety. 

Use the “search” or “find in page” function of your browser to jump to the specific food you are looking for. If the food item is underlined, it is a link to a corresponding article where you can read about the food item in greater detail!

What this table CAN do:

  • Provide general information about various foods gathered through desk research from reliable sources such as avian nutritionists, etc.
  • Provide a “to the best of our knowledge” indicator of the safety of the food item based on our assessment of its nutritional content

What this table CANNOT do:

  • Prescribe diets for specific species – different species of parrots have different needs, so you should always read up more about what your specific parrot species needs, and cross-check with various sources to formulate a diet suitable for them
  • Guarantee absolute safety or toxicity – this depends on many factors, such as size of bird, amount of food item eaten, incompatibilities with other types of food, environmental factors, specific health conditions or dietary needs of individual birds

If in any doubt, always consult with an avian nutritionist or avian veterinarian for advice.

Definitions of terms used:

  • “Yes” – Bird can eat this food without much harm generally
  • “Limited” – Generally safe, but might cause some health issues if fed in high quantities
  • “Depends” – Depends on the type of food item (or the way it is processed) – some may be safer than others
  • “No” – Usually creates issues and needs to be avoided

Dairy

General remarks: Most parrots are lactose-intolerant, and while dairy is not necessarily toxic to parrots, it can cause stomach upset and diarrhea in some birds (just like for some humans). In addition, several dairy products are full of fat, sugar or salt, which are not healthy for parrots if fed frequently. Opt for low/no lactose dairy products that are low in fat, sugar, and other additive if you must feed dairy – otherwise, simply avoid it!

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
DairyMilk (from animals)AvoidParrots cannot digest lactose, may cause stomach upset
DairyMilk (from plants)DependsNut milk (almond, etc.), unsweetened and unflavored, are generally ok, but should only be given as a treat. Avoid bean milk.
DairyButterLimitedFull of fat; avoid (though better than margarine)
DairyCheeseLimitedParrots cannot digest lactose, may cause stomach upset
DairyCream (sour, whipped, etc.)LimitedFull of fat; avoid
DairyIce creamLimitedParrots cannot digest lactose; high in fat and sugar. Never offer alcoholic or chocolate ice cream.
DairyMargarineLimitedFull of fat; avoid
DairyYoghurtYesYoghurt with live cultures have no lactose, therefore are safe. Limit feeding flavored/sweetened yoghurts (high in sugar)

Eggs

Eggs are sometimes fed to parrots as a source of protein, but bear in mind that high protein diets can result in hormonal challenges. Some aviculturists are also against the use of animal protein in parrots’ diets as parrots do not often feed on such proteins in the wild.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
EggsEggsYesExcellent source of vitamin A, calcium, and protein. Great for breeding birds. Feed boiled or fried (without oil). Never offer raw or undercooked.

Flowers

General remarks: Feed flowers in moderation and variety as some may have medicinal effects. Edible fresh or dried flowers (not those for craft-making!) can also be used as foraging material to enrich the feeding experience of your pet parrots. Avoid using dyed flowers or flowers from unknown origins as they might contain toxic chemicals!

Flower NameChinese NameFrench NameScientific NameSafe for ParrotsKey Nutritional Benefits
Angelica当归 (dāng guī)AngéliqueAngelica archangelicaYesHigh in vitamins and minerals, supports digestion
Anise hyssop洋茴香薄荷 (yáng huí xiāng bò hé)Agastache fenouilAgastache foeniculumYesContains antioxidants, supports digestive health
Apple blossom苹果花 (píng guǒ huā)Fleur de pommierMalus domesticaYesContains vitamins A and C, beneficial for skin health
Basil flower罗勒花 (luó lè huā)Fleur de basilicOcimum basilicumYesRich in antioxidants, has anti-inflammatory properties
Bee balm蜂香草 (fēng xiāng cǎo)MonardeMonarda spp.YesContains vitamins A and C, supports respiratory health
Bitter orange blossom苦橙花 (kǔ chéng huā)Fleur d’oranger amerCitrus aurantiumYesRich in flavonoids, supports digestive health
Borage琉璃苣 (liú lí jù)BourracheBorago officinalisYesHigh in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), supports skin and joint health
Butterfly pea flower蝴蝶豌豆花 (hú dié wān dòu huā)Pois bleu papillonClitoria ternateaYesRich in antioxidants, has anti-inflammatory properties
Calendula (marigold)金盏花 (jīn zhǎn huā)SouciCalendula officinalisYesHigh in flavonoids and carotenoids, supports skin health and wound healing
Carnation康乃馨 (kāng nǎi xīn)ŒilletDianthus caryophyllusSafe in moderation. Do not feed dyed varieties of carnation.Contains vitamins and minerals, supports skin and digestive health
Chamomile洋甘菊 (yáng gān jú)/春黄菊 (chūn huáng jú)CamomilleMatricaria chamomilla (German chamomile) or Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile)Safe in moderationContains antioxidants that aid in treating infections and lessening swelling. Supports relaxation and digestive health
Chrysanthemum菊花 (jú huā)ChrysanthèmeChrysanthemum spp.Safe in moderationRich in vitamins and minerals, supports eye health
Cilantro flower香菜花 (xiāng cài huā)Fleur de coriandreCoriandrum sativumYesContains vitamins A, C, and K, supports detoxification
Citrus blossom柑橘花 (gān jú huā)Fleur d’agrumesCitrus spp.YesHigh in antioxidants, supports immune health
Cornflower矢车菊 (shǐ chē jú)BleuetCentaurea cyanusYesContains anthocyanins, supports urinary and digestive health
Daisy雏菊 (chú jú)MargueriteBellis perennisSafe in moderationContains vitamins A and C, supports skin health
Dandelion蒲公英 (pú gōng yīng)PissenlitTaraxacum officinaleYesHigh in vitamins A, C, and K, supports liver and digestive health
Daylilies萱草 (xuān cǎo)HémérocalleHemerocallis spp.YesContains vitamins A and C, supports immune health
Echinacea紫锥花 (zǐ zhuī huā)ÉchinacéeEchinacea spp.YesContains antioxidants, supports immune health
Elderflower接骨木花 (jiē gǔ mù huā)Fleur de sureauSambucus nigraSafe in moderationRich in flavonoids, supports immune health
Fennel flower茴香花 (huí xiāng huā)Fleur de fenouilFoeniculum vulgareYesContains antioxidants, supports digestive health
Forsythia连翘 (lián qiào)ForsythiaForsythia spp.YesContains antiviral properties, supports respiratory health
Fuchsia吊钟花 (diào zhōng huā)FuchsiaFuchsia spp.YesHigh in antioxidants, supports immune health
Geranium天竺葵 (tiān zhú kuí)GéraniumPelargonium spp.Safe in moderationContains antioxidants, supports skin health
Gladiolus剑兰 (jiàn lán)GlaïeulGladiolus spp.Safe in moderationHigh in vitamins and minerals, supports immune health
Globe amaranth千日红 (qiān rì hóng)Amarante globuleuseGomphrena globosaYesRich in vitamins and antioxidants, supports eye health
Hibiscus木槿花 (mù jǐn huā)/芙蓉花 (fú róng huā)HibiscusHibiscus spp.YesHigh in antioxidants, supports heart health
Honeysuckle忍冬花 (rěn dōng huā)/金银花(jīn yín huā)ChèvrefeuilleLonicera spp.Safe in moderationContains antioxidants, supports immune health
Jasmine茉莉花 (mò lì huā)JasminJasminum spp.Yes – only the flowers, not jasmine tea, as it contains caffeineHigh in antioxidants, supports relaxation
Lavender薰衣草 (xūn yī cǎo)LavandeLavandula spp.YesContains antioxidants, supports relaxation and skin health
Lemon balm柠檬香蜂草 (níng méng xiāng fēng cǎo)MélisseMelissa officinalisYesRich in antioxidants, supports digestive and mental health
Lemon myrtle柠檬香桃木 (níng méng xiāng táo mù)Myrte citronnéeBackhousia citriodoraYesHigh in antioxidants, supports respiratory and immune health
Lemon verbena柠檬马鞭草 (níng méng mǎ biān cǎo)Verveine citronnelleAloysia citrodoraSafe in moderationContains antioxidants, supports digestive health
Lilac丁香花 (dīng xiāng huā)LilasSyringa vulgarisYesHigh in antioxidants, supports immune health
Lily百合花 (bǎi hé huā)LysLilium spp.NoSome species can be toxic to birds
Lotus flower莲花 (lián huā)Fleur de lotusNelumbo nuciferaYesRich in vitamins and minerals, supports digestive health
Magnolia (yulan)玉兰花 (yù lán huā)MagnoliaMagnolia denudataYesContains antioxidants, supports respiratory health
Mexican marigold墨西哥万寿菊 (mò xī gē wàn shòu jú)TagèteTagetes erectaYesRich in antioxidants, supports skin health
Mint flower薄荷花 (bò hé huā)Fleur de mentheMentha spp.YesContains vitamins and minerals, supports digestive health
Monk fruit / luohanguo flower罗汉果花 (luó hàn guǒ huā)Fleur de fruit moineSiraitia grosvenoriiYesContains antioxidants, supports respiratory and digestive health
Nasturtium旱金莲 (hàn jīn lián)CapucineTropaeolum majusYesHigh in vitamin C, supports immune health
Osmanthus桂花 (guì huā)OsmantheOsmanthus fragransYesRich in antioxidants, supports respiratory health
Pansy三色堇 (sān sè jǐn)PenséeViola tricolor var. hortensisYesHigh in vitamins A and C, supports skin health
Passion flower (passion fruit flower)西番莲 (xī fān lián)Fleur de la passion/PassiflorePassiflora edulisIn moderation – only flowers and fruits. Leaves and stems may contain cyanide. Certain species of Passiflora may be toxic.Has calming, anti-anxiety and analgesic properties
Pea blossom豌豆花 (wān dòu huā)Fleur de poisPisum sativumYesContains vitamins and minerals, supports digestive health
Peach blossom桃花 (táo huā)Fleur de pêcherPrunus persicaYesHigh in vitamins A and C, supports immune health
Poppy罂粟花 (yīng sù huā)CoquelicotPapaver spp.NoCan be toxic to birds
Primrose报春花 (bào chūn huā)PrimevèrePrimula vulgarisYesContains vitamins and minerals, supports skin health
Red clover红三叶草 (hóng sān yè cǎo)/红车轴 (hóng chē zhóu)Trèfle rougeTrifolium pratenseYesHigh in vitamins and minerals, supports respiratory and digestive health
Rose玫瑰花 (méi guī huā)RoseRosa spp.YesHigh in vitamins C and A, supports skin and immune health
Rose hips玫瑰果 (méi guī guǒ)CynorhodonRosa spp.YesVery high in vitamin C, supports immune health
Rosemary flower迷迭香花 (mí dié xiāng huā)Fleur de romarinSalvia rosmarinusYesRich in antioxidants, supports cognitive health
Sage flower鼠尾草花 (shǔ wěi cǎo huā)Fleur de saugeSalvia officinalisSafe in moderationContains vitamins and antioxidants, supports digestive health
Snapdragon金鱼草 (jīn yú cǎo)MuflierAntirrhinum majusYesContains vitamins and minerals, supports digestive health
Squash blossom南瓜花 (nán guā huā)Fleur de courgeCucurbita pepoYesHigh in vitamins A and C, supports immune health
Strawflowers麦秆菊 (mài gǎn jú)/七彩菊 (qī cǎi jú)ImmortelleXerochrysum bracteatumYesHigh in antioxidants, supports immune health
Sunflower向日葵 (xiàng rì kuí)TournesolHelianthus annuusYesRich in vitamins and minerals, supports skin and cardiovascular health
Viola三色堇 (sān sè jǐn)PenséeViola tricolor var. hortensisYesHigh in vitamins A and C, supports skin health
Violet紫罗兰 (zǐ luó lán)VioletteViola odorataYesContains vitamins and antioxidants, supports immune and skin health

Fruits

General remarks: Other than a handful of toxic fruits and fruit parts, such as avocado, avocado stones, pits of pitted fruits (e.g. peach, cherry, apricot, etc.) and apple seeds, most fruits are generally safe. A rule of thumb is to include fruits in your parrots’ diet, but be careful of the amounts given as many fruits are high in sugar.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
FruitsFruit, driedDependsDried fruits with no additives like preservatives and sugars are generally safe
FruitsClementineLimitedThey are highly acidic. So, it should be fed in moderation.
FruitsMandarinLimitedHighly acidic, may cause stomach upset if too given too much/too often
FruitsOliveLimitedThey contain too much fats and sodium chloride that may lead to overweight and high blood pressure in parrots.
FruitsPomelo (pummelo, shaddock)LimitedThey are highly acidic. So, it should be fed in moderation.
FruitsStarfruit (carambola)LimitedSeeds can be bitter and unpleasant to taste.
FruitsTamarindLimitedDoesn’t have any nutritional value and may cause allergic reactions if consumed excessively.
FruitsAvocadoNoFlesh, pit, and skin are highly toxic to parrots. They contain persin, a toxic chemical compound.
FruitsBananaYesRemove peels; often contain high amounts of pesticides (even organic ones).
FruitsBlackberryYesExcellent source of anthocyanins, which have anti-inflammatory properties that protects parrots against infections.
FruitsBlackcurrantYesExcellent source of vitamin C
FruitsBlueberryYesHigh in nutrients and lower in calories.
FruitsCantaloupeYesPacked with vitamin A, vitamin C, and potassium. Remove the rinds although they are not toxic but super hard for your parrot to tear.
FruitsCoconutYesIt has a unique blend of minerals and vitamins. Avoid dessicated coconut by all means because it can be fatal to parrots unless properly soaked before feeding your parrot.
FruitsCranberryYesGood source of vitamin C, antioxidants, fibre, and other minerals.
FruitsCustard apple (Cherimoya)YesAvoid seeds and pits because they are toxic. Otherwise, the flesh is a good source of antioxidants.
FruitsDateYesThere are countless of nutritional benefits associated to dates. They help promote a healthy blood flow in parrots.
FruitsDragonfruit (pitaya)YesVery high in fiber that enhances digestion in parrots. Feed dragonfruit in moderation .
FruitsDurianYesRich in vitamin C, folic acid. Husks are inedible.
FruitsElderberryYesOnly offer your parrots ripe elderberries. They are an excellent source of vitamin C.
FruitsFigYesAre very rich in vitamins, minerals, and fibre.
FruitsGooseberryYesThey have an exotic, tart, and tangy taste that parrots really love. They are also very rich in vitamin A and vitamin C.
FruitsGrapeYesContains high sugars. So, it should be fed as a treat.
FruitsGuavaYesGood source of vitamins. Be sure to wash the fruit well before giving your bird to get rid of pesticides and other debris.
FruitsHoneydewYesThey are a good source of fiber, which is great for your parrot’s digestive tract.
FruitsJackfruitYesIt’s a delicious snack for parrots, but don’t let your bird overeat the fruit.
FruitsKiwiYesAre an excellent source of dietary fibre, antioxidants, and vitamin C that supports the digestive health and immunity of your parrot. Feed in moderation because they are a bit acidic.
FruitsKumquatYesIt’s a healthy fruit that is fully packed with vitamin C and anti-inflammatory properties.
FruitsLonganYesPeels are full of pesticides, do not give. Seeds are tough, unpleasant and slightly toxic, do not give.
FruitsLoquatYesRemove the seeds and pits because they are toxic and often full of pesticides.
FruitsLychee (litchi)YesPeels are full of pesticides, do not give. Seeds are tough, unpleasant and slightly toxic, do not give.
FruitsMangoYesWash the pit thouroughly before feeding it to your parrot.
FruitsMangosteenYesAvoid the skin because it contains wax-like liquid that could possibly poison your parrot. Seeds are also so big for parrots to swallow. However, mangosteen flesh is very rich in vitamin C, B1, B2, B9, carbohydrates, manganese, and magnesium.
FruitsMulberryYesShould be offered as a treat. It’s a great source of fibre, minerals, and vitamins.
FruitsNectarineYesAvoid seeds and pits because they contain cyanide, a very toxic compound. Feed fresh nectarines since dry ones contain sulphates, which can be fatal to your bird.
FruitsOrangeYesThey are highly acidic. So, it should be fed in moderation.
FruitsPapayaYesExcellent source of fiber, fat, and protein, which are responsible for keeping your parrot fit and healthy.
FruitsPassion FruitYesWash well to get rid of pesticides.
FruitsPeachYesDo not feed pits as they contain cyanide compounds which are toxic to parrots
FruitsPearYesVery rich in vitamin A and calcium.
FruitsPersimmonYesMust only be fed when ripe. Unripe persimmon contains a very toxic compound called tannins.
FruitsPineappleYesIt’s a good source of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and enzymes.
FruitsPlumYesDo not feed pits as they contain cyanide compounds which are toxic to parrots
FruitsPomegranateYesThey are full of antioxidants and health benefits for your bird. the pit is not so edible but both seeds and pits are safe for your parrot.
FruitsPrickly PearYesMake sure you remove the skin first.
FruitsPruneYesDo not feed pits as they contain cyanide compounds which are toxic to parrots
FruitsRaisinYesExcellent source of vitamins and nutrients.
FruitsRambutanYesPeels are full of pesticides, do not give. Seeds are tough, unpleasant and slightly toxic, do not give.
FruitsRaspberryYesYou need to clean well before feeding them to your parrot. They contain parasites and other debris that can make your parrot sick.
FruitsRose apple (jambu)YesGood source of vitamin C, vitamin A, iron, calcium, and fiber.
FruitsSoursopYesSeeds are toxic and should not be consumed.
FruitsStrawberryYesLoaded with vitamin C and antioxidants.
FruitsTangerineYesThe fruit, flesh, peels, and seeds are all safe and can offer wonderful benefits for your parrot.
FruitsWatermelonYesSeeds, flesh, and rinds are all ok.
FruitsWolfberry (goji berry)YesExcellent source of vitamin A and anti-oxidants.
FruitsAppleYes*Do not feed apple seeds as they contain cyanide compounds which are toxic to parrots
FruitsApricotYes*Do not feed pits as they contain cyanide compounds which are toxic to parrots
FruitsCherryYes*Do not feed pits as they contain cyanide compounds which are toxic to parrots
FruitsGrapefruitYes*Highly acidic, may cause stomach upset if too given too much/too often
FruitsLemonYes*Highly acidic, may cause stomach upset if too given too much/too often
FruitsLimeYes*Highly acidic, may cause stomach upset if too given too much/too often

Grains

General remarks: Several grains possess great nutritional benefits, but it is important to know which ones are better offered sprouted or raw.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
GrainsBreadDependsIt’s of low nutritional value. If any, feed only whole grain, unsalted breads.
GrainsCerealDependsAvoid frosted corn flakes because they are coated with sugars making them unhealthy for parrots.
GrainsRyeDependsRye is not a good treat for your parrot because it has lots of fibers and is minimally processed.
GrainsSemolinaDependsAs long as it’s ground to a powder-like consistency.
GrainsSorghumDependsContains anti-nutrients and should be sprouted before offering. Avoid sprouted Milo sorghum because they tend to produce higher levels of toxic compounds known as dhurrins when germinated. These compounds are potentially lethal to birds.
GrainsAmaranth seedsYesContains a good amount of methionine and lysine amino acids.
GrainsBarley (whole, hulled, pearled)YesCan be served either cooked or raw. They are a good source of starch, vitamins, and minerals.
GrainsBuckwheatYesIt’s a great ingredient for parrots and has all the 8 essential amino acids. It’s also a good source of complex carbohydrates.
GrainsBulgurYesIt’s better than white rice and contains antioxidants that are good your parrot’s health.
GrainsCorn kernelYesParrots enjoy eating corn kernels but should be given in moderation. It’s an excellent source of starch.
GrainsMilletYesGood source of calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, and protein. It’s fine food for sick, young, breeding, and new parrots.
GrainsOatsYesGood source of fiber, which is responsible for digestion in parrots.
GrainsPastaYesFull of energy-enhancing carbohydrates. Wash thoroughly to remove any salt or oil.
GrainsPopcornYesGood source of starch, iron, calcium, and fibre. Avoid microwavable, highly flavored, or excessively salted popcorns because they can be detrimental to your parrot’s health.
GrainsQuinoaYesIt’s an excellent source of phosphorous, protein, and calcium.
GrainsRice (white, brown)YesBrown rice is more nutritious than the white ones. Wash thoroughly before feeding them to your parrot because rice often contains arsenic and bacteria, which may harm your parrot. Avoid using flavors or too much oil when cooking, keep the rice as bland as possible.
GrainsSpeltYesExcellent source of zinc, which helps improve the immune system in parrots.

Herbs/Spices

General remarks: Many herbs and spices can be fed to parrot and would literally “spice up” their feeding experience! Take note of those that should be fed only in moderation due to high contents of certain compounds that may cause issues in some cases.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
Herbs/spicesCinnamonDependsAvoid Chinese/cassia cinnamon because they contain a lot of coumarin, a toxic blood thinner that can cause severe liver issues in parrots.
Herbs/spicesGinsengDependsShould be used cautiously in birds with heart problems, high blood pressure, hyperexcitability, bleeding problems, and many other infections.
Herbs/spicesCurry leafLimitedToo much of curry leaf can cause diarrhea.
Herbs/spicesGingerLimitedContains anti-inflammatory properties that promote overall health in parrots.
Herbs/spicesGingkoLimitedHave unpleasant smell that parrots may not like.
Herbs/spicesTurmericLimitedShould be avoided if a parrot has a broken blood feather or when he’s moulting.
Herbs/spicesNutmegNoVery toxic to parrots because it contains a narcotic compound known as myristicin. Birds who consume nutmeg suffer from vomiting, nausea, and dizziness.
Herbs/spicesBarberryYesHave a moderate antioxidant content.
Herbs/spicesBasilYesHas incredible anti-inflammatory properties that are important for your bird’s general health.
Herbs/spicesBay leafYesThey give a boost of flavor when added to a parrot’s meal. They are also an excellent source of vitamin A, vitamin C, magnesium, calcium, potassium, and iron.
Herbs/spicesCardamomYesGreat source of vitamin A, vitamin C, potassium, and iron. They also have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Herbs/spicesChivesYesCan be harmful if fed in excessive amounts.
Herbs/spicesCloveYesIt’s a great boost for your bird’s immune system since it contains anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Herbs/spicesCoriander (cilantro)YesHas an interesting lemon-like taste and is a good source of vitamin A and C
Herbs/spicesDandelion rootYesContain high amounts of vitamin A, C, D, K, B-complex, protein, zinc, and magnesium.
Herbs/spicesDillYesSolves digestive disorders and has calming properties.
Herbs/spicesFennelYesSafe for parrots either cooked or raw. Parrots love the crunchy texture of fennel and the mild flavor. Fennel is also an excellent source of vitamins, fiber, and minerals.
Herbs/spicesGalangalYesCan be eaten fresh or cooked. Contains minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants.
Herbs/spicesLavenderYesIt’s entirely safe for parrots, especially if it’s grown organically in untreated soil.
Herbs/spicesMarjoramYesIt’s linked to improved digestive health and reduced inflammation.
Herbs/spicesMintYesAll types of mint are safe. They relax the muscle, balance metabolism, and prevent stomach upsets. Do not expose birds to mint essential oils as they are concentrated.
Herbs/spicesNettle leafYesGood for your parrot’s skin and aids the kidneys in easing arthritis.
Herbs/spicesOreganoYesHave anti-inflammatory properties, which decreases the risk of diseases in parrots.
Herbs/spicesParsleyYesIs a good source of vitamins, but contains oxalic acid, which can prevent your parrot from absorbing calcium if fed in large quantities.
Herbs/spicesPepper (black or white)YesAre rich in vital antioxidants.
Herbs/spicesRosemaryYesContains several antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds along with irons and vitamins that are very beneficial to rour bird’s overall health.
Herbs/spicesSageYesSolves digestive disorders, supports the liver, and boosts its functionality.
Herbs/spicesStar aniseYesVery rich in vitamin C, calcium, and iron. Contains antioxidants, antifungal, and antibacterial properties, which boost parrot’s immune system.
Herbs/spicesTarragonYesRich in antibacterial and antioxidant properties.
Herbs/spicesThymeYesRich source of vitamin C, iron, copper, and manganese. Wash thoroughly to reduce the risk of pesticides.
Herbs/spicesTulsiYesContains anti-inflammatory and antioxidants properties that promote overall health in parrots.

Insects

General remarks: Insects are sometimes eaten by parrots as part of their varied diets in the wild. Some insects are safe to feed in moderation as they are good sources of proteins.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
InsectsWormsYesMealworms, in particular, are very rich in proteins.

Meat

General remarks: Meat can be an alternative source of protein for parrots but some are against feeding of animal proteins due to processing, use of hormone injections, the amount of fat, and the way they are prepared (cooked with oil, salt, etc.). Never feed raw meat to your birds.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
MeatsMeatDependsChicken and turkey meat are the healthiest types of meat but need to be cooked (with no oil or seasoning)
MeatsSeafoodYesOnly safe if they are free of pollutants, toxins, and heavy metals.

Nuts

General remarks: Nuts contain excellent sources of healthy fats and other trace nutrients and minerals for your birds, but should only be fed in moderation due to the high oil content. Some parrot species, such as macaws, are more tolerant to a diet that have higher fat content, and hence can be fed more nuts than other parrots.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
NutsChestnutsDependsSome types of chestnuts may not be safe for your parrot.
NutsKolaDependsThere some types with a more bitter taste. which parrots may not like. Kola nuts have medicinal health benefits.
NutsAlmondsYesThey are an excellent source of nutrients, but should be fed in moderation due to high fat content. Avoid bitter almonds because they are highly toxic.
NutsBrazil nutsYesThey are a good source of energy and vitamins. Should be given in moderation due to their fat content.
NutsCashew NutsYesBest when fed plain and unsalted. Salted cashewnuts maybe unsafe for your parrot.
NutsHazelnutsYesThey are a good source of energy due to their unsaturated fat and protein contents.
NutsMacadamia nutsYesThey are perfectly safe for parrots as long as they are not salted. Feed in moderation due to too much fats.
NutsPeanutsYesAvoid peanut shell because it contains aflatoxin.
NutsPecansYesAvoid chocolate or spicy coated pecans because they are toxic. The shells can also be hard, but offer the pecans wiithout cracking to strenghten your parrot’s beak.
NutsPili nutsYesThey are a good source of proteins, potassium, calcium, phosphorous, and antioxidants.
NutsPine nutsYesThe are loaded with minerals and vitamins that promotes general health in parrots.
NutsPistachiosYesAvoid the ones with additional flavors or excessively salted.
NutsTiger nutsYesRich in magnesium, good for birds suffering from feather loss.
NutsWalnutsYesAvoided salted walnuts or those with special coatings. Plain walnuts are a great source of proteins.

Processed Food

General remarks: Most processed foods are not healthy for parrots due to high oil, salt, and sugar contents, reduction in nutrition due to processing, or simply contain toxic compounds.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
Processed foodPizzaDependsPizzas containing ingredients that are unsafe for birds should be avoided.
Processed foodChocolateNoThey contain theobrimine and caffeine chemical compounds, which are toxic to parrots.
Processed foodPretzelsNoPretzels contain too much salt, which may upset the electrolyte and fluid balance in your parrot’s body leading to excessive thirst, dehydration, and finally kidney failure.
Processed foodCheeriosYesAvoid honey nut cheerios because they contain too much sugars. Stick to original flavour cheerios.
Processed foodCrackersYesThey don’t provide any nutritional value for parrots.
Processed foodPeanut butterYesFully packed with nutrients, but it’s best fed as a treat since it’s full of additives that may not work well with your bird.

Seeds

General remarks: Parrots are naturally seed-eating animals, so most seeds are suitable for them. However, like nuts, seeds tend to have a high fat content and should be fed sparingly in captive parrots. Seeds can be used as a motivating treat during training, or sprouted to reduce the amount of fat and increase the amount of beneficial nutrients in them.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
SeedsCanary foodDependsCanary food often constitutes seeds. Therefore, you should feed your parrots cany food in moderation.
SeedsMustard seedsLimitedThey are not the best seeds to feed parrots. Mustard seed sprouts are better than dry ones.
SeedsChia seedsYesAre an excellent source of healthy fats and proteins.
SeedsFenugreekYesContains potassium, niacin, vitamin C, and protein. Best when sprouted.
SeedsFlaxYesGood source of essential fatty acids. It also promotes strong bones and healthy skin in parrots.
SeedsHempYesThey have an ideal balance of omega 3 and 6 fatty acids.
SeedsMilk thistleYesGood source of amino acids and also helps in inhibiting factors that are responsible for liver damage. Milk thistle is also a very strong antioxidant.
SeedsPoppyYesVery rich in fibre that aids in digestion. Poppy seeds also treats diarrhea.
SeedsSafflower seedsYesThey are a good source of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates that provide the necessary energy and nutrition your parrot requires.
SeedsSesame seedsYesVery rich in healthy fats and proteins, but should be fed in moderation as they can lead to fatty liver diseases and obesity.
SeedsSunflower seedsYesVery high in carbohydrates and fats.
Seedswild bird seedYesCan be harmful if consumed on a daily basis since it contains a lot of fats.

Vegetables

General remarks: Parrot diets should consist of a large portion of raw vegetables as they contain the healthiest mix of nutrition such as vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, fiber, and so on. Ensure that you wash vegetables thoroughly before feeding them to your parrots as many of them contain pesticides and herbicides.

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
VegetablesFiddleheadDependsSome types of fiddleheads are safe for parrots while others are toxic. While they contain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids as well as vitamin C, I wouldn’t really recommend fiddleheads for your bird.
VegetablesKaffir lime leavesDependsTechnically, kaffir lime leaves are not toxic, but they may contain lots of pesticides and chemicals if they are not properly cleaned. They are only safe for parrots if they haven’t been treated with pesticides or other chemicals. Besides, there’s a chance your parrot may not like them.
VegetablesTomatilloDependsTomatillo fruits are a great option for parrots, but tomatillo leaves and stems are highly toxic.
VegetablesGarlicLimitedTiny amounts (nibbles) are safe. Contain sulfur compounds that may irritate your bird’s crop, esophagus, and mouth. High amounts may lead to blood anemia.
VegetablesHorseradishLimitedThey contain lots of mustard oil, which can be very toxic and irritating.
VegetablesLeekLimitedTiny amounts (nibbles) are safe. Contain sulfur compounds that may irritate your bird’s crop, esophagus, and mouth. High amounts may lead to blood anemia.
VegetablesLentilsLimitedThey are a good source of protein and fiber but could have adverse effects if fed excessively. Cook before feeding them to your parrot to get rid of anti-nutrients such as tannins and phytic acid.
VegetablesMushroomsLimitedFresh mushrooms from grocery stores can be fed in small quantities. Mushrooms exposed to UV light or sunlight prior to packing are great sources of vitamin D
VegetablesOnionLimitedTiny amounts (nibbles) are safe. Contain sulfur compounds that may irritate your bird’s crop, esophagus, and mouth. High amounts may lead to blood anemia.
VegetablesOnion, spring (scallions)LimitedTiny amounts (nibbles) are safe. Contain sulfur compounds that may irritate your bird’s crop, esophagus, and mouth. High amounts may lead to blood anemia.
VegetablesRhubarbLimitedLeaves are unsafe; stalks contain oxalic acid (not good for parrots) but are safer if cooked
VegetablesShallotsLimitedTiny amounts (nibbles) are safe. Contain sulfur compounds that may irritate your bird’s crop, esophagus, and mouth. High amounts may lead to blood anemia.
VegetablesTomatoLimitedContains too much acid. Vines and leaves are poisonous.
VegetablesCassava (yuca, manioc)NoContains cyanide compound, which is very toxic to parrots.
VegetablesAmaranth leafYesIs a good source of lysine and methionine. It’s also rich in antioxidants which limits damages caused by free radicals in a parrot’s body.
VegetablesArrowrootYesLow in fats. So, it can be good for weight management.
VegetablesArtichokeYesGreat source of vitamin C, potassium, and fibre.
VegetablesArugulaYesGood source of vitamin A and C, which helps maintain a healthy immune system in parrots.
VegetablesAsparagusYesGood source of vitamins, but it’s not a natural food for parrots. Raw asparagus can be very hard to chew.
VegetablesBamboo shootYesBamboo shoots are safe for parrots provided they have not been treated any toxic chemicals. Cook for about 20 minutes to get rid of cyanogeni glycosides compounds.
VegetablesBean, blackYesBlack beans are only safe when cooked. Uncooked black beans contain hemagluttinin, a very toxic compound that can harm parrots.
VegetablesBean, cannelliniYesBe sure to completely cook cannellini beans before offering them to your parrot. Raw or undercooked cannellini beans can be extremely harmful to your parrot.
VegetablesBean, fava (broadbean)YesRaw or dried beans are very toxic. They contain a poisonous compound called hemagglutinin.
VegetablesBean, garbanzo (chickpeas)YesThey contain high amount of zinc, manganese, iron, folate, carbohydrate, and proteins. Avoid raw garbanzo beans because they can be unhealthy and difficult to digest. Cook the chickpeas so soften the texture.
VegetablesBean, greenYesThey are a great source of fiber and are also loaded with essential vitamins and minerals.
VegetablesBean, kidneyYesMake sure they are thouroughly cooked before offering them to your bird. Otherwise, they are a great way to add more proteins and fiber to your parrot’s diet.
VegetablesBean, limaYesThey are safe as long as they are cooked well before offering to parrots.
VegetablesBean, mungYesTher are not safe when eaten dry. You can sprout mung beans for three to four days before feeding them to your parrot.
VegetablesBean, pintoYesCook or sprout pinto beans before offering them to your parrot.
VegetablesBean, red (adzuki)YesCooked red beans are safe for parrots. Raw, dry red beans can possibly ham your parrot because they contain a very toxic compound known as hemagglutinin.
VegetablesBean, soy (edamame)YesIt’s a good source of proteins and amino acids. Cook well before serving them to yor parrot.
VegetablesBeet (beetroot)YesA great source of vitamins and minerals. Great for regulating blood pressure and preventing inflammations.
VegetablesBell peppers (capsicum)YesAn excellent source of vitamin C.
VegetablesBitter melon (bittergourd)YesExcellent source of vitamin C, which pays a major role in parrot’s immune system.
VegetablesBok Choy (pak choi)YesIt’s an excellent source of calcium which helps maintain muscle health and bone density in parrots.
VegetablesBroccoliYesWash it well if you’re feeding raw.
VegetablesBrussel sproutYesVery rich in antioxidants and Omega-3 fatty acids.
VegetablesBurdock rootYesSource of inulin and fibre that aids digestion in parrots.
VegetablesCabbage, greenYesContains oxalic acid, which doesn’t cause a problem unless your parrot is calcium deficient.
VegetablesCabbage, redYesA good source of vitamin K, calcium, zinc, and magnesium.
VegetablesCarrotYesAn excellent source of vitamin A.
VegetablesCauliflowerYesIs a good source of vitamins, antioxidants, magnesium, phosphorous, and fibre. Apll parts can be consumed including the leaves.
VegetablesCeleryYesFeed only in moderation. Remove the stringy parts to prevent constipation and crop compaction.
VegetablesCelery rootYesIt’s a good source of vitamin B-complex, vitamin K, vitamin C, and antioxidants which combats inflammation in parrots.
VegetablesChicory (Curly Endive)YesParrots can eat all types of endives. The curly endive has a good amount of vitamin K and is also a low-calorie vegetable.
VegetablesChilli peppersYesToo much chilli pepper can cause sensitivity or digestive issues.
VegetablesCollardYesContain lots of vitamins, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties which are essential for keeping parrots healthy.
VegetablesCornYesCorn is very rich in vitamin C and fibre. However, they are high in starch, can spike blood sugar and cause excess weight in parrots.
VegetablesCucumberYesFresh cucumbers are ok. Do not feed pickled ones.
VegetablesDaikon (Japanese radish)YesGood source of antioxidants, calcium, and potassium. Best when fed along with other vegetables like kales, endive, carrots, broccoli, and many others.
VegetablesDandelion greensYesWash well to remove dirt. Parrots love their bitter taste and they are also a good source of vitamin A, B1, and C.
VegetablesEggplant (brinjal, aubergine)YesEggplant can be bitter because it contains solanine, but it’s high in folic acid, which is responsible for processing amino acids and proteins. Avoid eggplant leaves because they are very toxic.
VegetablesEndivesYesParrots can eat all types of endives. Endives are also safe for parrots and they are very important vegetables for your parrot’s diet. They contain more vitamin K than most vegetables.
VegetablesFennelYesThey are very safe for parrots and can be served either cooked or raw. Fennels are a good source of vitamin C which is critical for the immune health of parrots.
VegetablesJicamaYesExcellent source of vitamins and starch. Remove the jicama’s skin if it’s not organic.
VegetablesKaleYesGood source of vitamins and minerals.
VegetablesLemongrassYesContains components that are responsible for relieving pain and swelling as well as improving cholesterol level in blood.
VegetablesLettuce, bataviaYesExcellent choice of lettuce for your parrot. It’s a good source of vitamin A, calcium, vitamin K, and vitamin C. It’s low in fats and calories.
VegetablesLettuce, icebergYesLittle nutritional value, so should be given in moderation.
VegetablesLettuce, leafYesWash well to get rid of pesticides and other chemicals.
VegetablesLettuce, redYesVery rich in vitamin K, but should be fed in moderation.
VegetablesLotus rootYesGood source of vitamins and minerals.
VegetablesMustard greensYesGood source of vitamins. They also rejuvenate parrot skin and relaxes nervous birds.
VegetablesOkra (ladyfinger)YesIt’s a good source of vitamin A, K1, C, and antioxidants. They help regulate blood sugar and promote a healthy heart.
VegetablesPandanYesParrots absolutely love its fragrance. You can buy pandan for your parrots to play with. Pandan leaves also emit a very nice smell when shredded.
VegetablesParsnipYesContains lots of antioxidants and vitamin C that boost the immune system of parrots.
VegetablesPea, black-eyedYesIt’s an excellent dietary constituent. they contain many nutrients such as proteins, vitamin A, and manganese. However, they should be cooked well before feeding them to your parrots.
VegetablesPea, sweetYesContains an intense flavor that most parrots love.
VegetablesPeas, greenYesSprouted peas are far more nutritious than raw or cooked ones. Green peas are a great source of proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants. Feed green peas in moderation.
VegetablesPeas, snowYesParrots enjoy eating snow peas because of their crunchy texture. They are a good source of vitamin K, vitamin C, and fiber. They can be cooked or boiled to soften their texture, but parrots love them raw.
VegetablesPeas, sugar snapYesThey provide a satisfying crunch and an intense flavor that most parrots enjoy since they can be eaten raw.
VegetablesPotatoYesAvoid uncooked potatoes, french fries (salted and oily), and potato peels.
VegetablesPotato, sweetYesRich in vitamin A, vitamin C, fibre, manganese, and antioxidants. Can be offered raw or steamed.
VegetablesPumpkinYesRich in omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids, but it should be fed in moderation.
VegetablesRadishYesVery rich in calcium, which promotes healthy and strong bones in parrots
VegetablesSpinachYesGood source of vitamins and antioxidants, but should be fed in moderation.
VegetablesSquash, butternutYesIt’s filled with lots of nutrients and minerals, making it a superfood for parrots. Make sure you cut into chunks that your parrot can handle.
VegetablesSwiss chardYesIt’s an excellent food option for parrots. It’s a great source of calcium, magnesium, iron, and potassium.
VegetablesTurnipYesEnsure it’s washed thoroughly before feeding it to your bird.
VegetablesWatercressYesExcellent source of calcium, which is essential for healthy feathers and strong bones in parrots.
VegetablesYamYesYams are very safe for parrots so long as you don’t add anything like butter or salt. They are an excellent source of vitamin A.
VegetablesZucchini (courgette)YesIt’s very healthy for birds. Give your parrot raw or steamed zucchini so that he can get most of the nutrients.

Miscellaneous

CATEGORYFOOD ITEMIs it Safe for Parrots?REMARKS
MiscellaneousHoneyDependsHoney habors bacteria and grows mold, which could harm your bird’s health. Bees also concentrate herbicides and pesticides in their honey, making it not suitable for parrot consumption.
MiscellaneousSpicy foodDependsParrots love spicy food more than even humans. However, some spices may not be safe for them. For example, cassia/Chinese cinnamon, which contains high levels of coumarin is very toxic to parrots and can cause liver damage.
MiscellaneousAloe veraYesIt promotes healthier liver functions. Avoid aloe vera leaves and sap because they contain a compound known as aloin that can cause intestinal irritations.
MiscellaneousGrassYesHelps an overweight parrot get back in shape because it plays a role in regenerating and detoxifying the liver.
Comments
  • 12 July 2024

    I totally agree with you about giving extra foods. Vitamins are required by an Avian Doctor to prescribe like in people, how much each A,B,C,D & K amount should be spensored into each bag of Bird Food. This can save the Bird’s Life, and even be a joy to own.
    All Parrots should come with a Listing of Foods that they can eat in moderation. Parrots are so much like People. Parrots need to be given much care like a Child.
    I’m a First Owner of a Conure. I love Aaron. He is a vicious little Parrot. I received bites that I’m not use to receiving. Aaron was given to me. His owner was unable to care for him, so I took over.

    I will continue to work with Aaron. He’s not use to being moved around so much.
    Thank You!

    reply
  • Keeley Lukasik
    16 August 2024

    I love the detailed explanations.

    reply
  • Hunter Looker
    17 August 2024

    Thank you for this comprehensive guide. The step-by-step approach you’ve taken is very helpful, and I’ve learned a lot that I can apply to my own projects.

    reply
  • Richie Milstein
    17 August 2024

    Excellent tips! I’ll definitely use these.

    reply
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